Published-IP

We have identified the optimal stimulus waveforms for electrical neuromodulation based on the excitation threshold of evoked EMG response of triceps surea to sciatic nerve stimulation in the rat.  With the same energy, stimulation with waveforms of the ramp-down right triangle/isosceles produces more effective stimulation than the one with ramp-up right triangle.  Among all five wawveforms tested (retangle, sinusoidal and three triangles), the stimulation with retangle may be the prefered waveform for neuromodulation howver more energy will be used.  The slopes of the stimulus-response functions of electrical stimulation evoked EMG responses are similar among all five waveforms tested, suggesting that those stimulations share same actions.  The major difference could be one is more effective at threhold excitation of nerves/neurons.

This method provide a tool to adjust therapy based on stimulation waveforms.  For example, with the same current intensity, retangle waveform stim provide effective nerve stimulation.  With the less engery,  waveforms of the ramp-down right triangle/isosceles will be the preferred waveform.  

The stimulation waveforms could be programed for neuromodulation based on the outcome (readout) of diseases (loopped control for example).  Such neuromodulation could be applied to central nervous system (DBS and SCS) or peripheral nerve stimulation (sacral nerve stimulation).